Tympanometry is routinely used to evaluate the function of the middle ear. The tympanogram provides graphic representation of the relationship of air pressure in the ear canal to the impedance (resistance to movement) of the ear drum and middle ear system. When the ear drum is disturbed by a sound, part of the sound is absorbed and sent through the middle ear while the other part of the sound is reflected. The information derived from tympanometry provides additional information regarding middle ear function, especially Eustachian tube function.
In the pediatric population, tympanometry is typically performed to document or rule out the presence of fluid in the middle ear, ear drum perforation, or Eustachian tube dysfunction. Even if children have normal hearing the tympanogram can provide further information regarding fluid or middle ear concerns.
Not passing the tympanogram test is not typically something to be too concerned about; however, it does typically indicate middle ear involvement and requires medical follow up. A child or adult who fails a tympanogram test should be seen by their physician for further evaluation and to determine what may be causing the test reult. The most common cause of not passing the typmpanogram test is the presence of fluid behind the eardrum; however, there are other medical causes so it is important a physician be seen for further evaluation.
